// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Created by Francisco Malpartida on 20/08/11.
// Copyright 2011 - Under creative commons license 3.0:
// Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA
//
// This software is furnished "as is", without technical support, and with no
// warranty, express or implied, as to its usefulness for any purpose.
//
// Thread Safe: No
// Extendable: Yes
//
// @file LiquidCrystal_SR.h
// Connects an LCD using 2 or 3 pins from the Arduino, via an 8-bit
// ShiftRegister (SR from now on).
//
// @brief
// This is a port of the ShiftRegLCD library from raron and ported to the
// LCD library.
//
// The functionality provided by this class and its base class is identical
// to the original functionality of the Arduino LiquidCrystal library and can
// be used as such.
//
// Modified to work serially with the shiftOut() function, an 8-bit
// unlatched, no-tristate, unidirectional SIPO (Serial-In-Parallel-Out)
// shift register (IE a very simple SR), and an LCD in 4-bit mode.
// Any such shift register should do (pref. 74LS family IC's for 2-wire).
// I used 74LS164, for the reason that's what I had at hand.
//
// Connection description:
//
// SR output:
// Bit #0 - N/C - not connected, used to hold a zero
// Bit #1 - N/C
// Bit #2 - connects to RS (Register Select) on the LCD
// Bits #3-6 - connects to LCD data inputs D4 - D7.
// Bit #7 - enables the LCD enable-puls (via the diode-resistor AND "gate")
//
// 2 or 3 Pins required from the Arduino for Data, Clock and (optional) Enable
// If not using Enable, the Data pin is used for the enable signal by defining
// the same pin for Enable as for Data. Data and Clock outputs/pins goes to
// the shiftregister.
// LCD RW-pin hardwired to LOW (only writing to LCD).
// Busy Flag (BF, data bit D7) is not read.
//
// Original project homepage: http://code.google.com/p/arduinoshiftreglcd/
//
//
// History
// 2012.03.29 bperrybap - Added delays for faster fio shiftout (it got too fast)
// AVR needed delay. cmd/write delays are based on CPU speed so it works on pic32.
// Added code to support indicating two wire mode by using enable=data pin
// (documentation indicated this as working)
// Fixed incorrect use of 5x10 for default font - now matches original LQ library.
// can now eliminate enable pin in constructor for two wire mode.
// 2012.01.16 Florian Fida - faster digitalWrite/shiftOut
// 2011.10.29 fmalpartida - adaption of the library to the LCD class hierarchy.
// 2011.07.02 Fixed a minor flaw in setCursor function. No functional change,
// just a bit more memory efficient.
// Thanks to CapnBry (from google code and github) who noticed it.
// URL to his version of shiftregLCD:
// https://github.com/CapnBry/HeaterMeter/commit/c6beba1b46b092ab0b33bcbd0a30a201fd1f28c1
// 2009.07.30 raron - minor corrections to the comments.
// Fixed timing to datasheet safe. Fixed keyword highlights.
// 2009.07.28 Mircho / raron - a new modification to the schematics, and a
// more streamlined interface
// 2009.07.27 Thanks to an excellent suggestion from mircho at the Arduino
// playgrond forum, the number of wires now required is only two!
// 2009.07.25 raron - Fixed comments. I really messed up the comments before
// posting this, so I had to fix it.
// Renamed a function, but no improvements or functional changes.
// 2009.07.23 Incorporated some proper initialization routines
// inspired (lets say copy-paste-tweaked) from LiquidCrystal
// library improvements from LadyAda.
// 2009.05.23 raron - first version, but based mostly (as in almost verbatim)
// on the "official" LiquidCrystal library.
//
//
// @author F. Malpartida - fmalpartida@gmail.com
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#if (ARDUINO < 100)
#include <WProgram.h>
#else
#include <Arduino.h>
#endif
#include "LiquidCrystal_SR.h"
#include "FastIO.h"
// CONSTRUCTORS
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Assuming 1 line 8 pixel high font
LiquidCrystal_SR::LiquidCrystal_SR (uint8_t srdata, uint8_t srclock,
uint8_t enable )
{
init ( srdata, srclock, enable, 1, 0 );
}
// PRIVATE METHODS
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// init
void LiquidCrystal_SR::init(uint8_t srdata, uint8_t srclock, uint8_t enable,
uint8_t lines, uint8_t font)
{
// Initialise private variables
_two_wire = 0;
_srDataRegister = fio_pinToOutputRegister(srdata);
_srDataBit = fio_pinToBit(srdata);
_srClockRegister = fio_pinToOutputRegister(srclock);
_srClockBit = fio_pinToBit(srclock);
if ((enable == TWO_WIRE) || (enable == srdata))
{
_two_wire = 1;
_srEnableRegister = _srDataRegister;
_srEnableBit = _srDataBit;
}
else
{
_srEnableRegister = fio_pinToOutputRegister(enable);
_srEnableBit = fio_pinToBit(enable);
}
// Configure control pins as outputs
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
_displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;
}
//
// shiftIt
void LiquidCrystal_SR::shiftIt(uint8_t val)
{
if (_two_wire)
{
// Clear to get Enable LOW
fio_shiftOut(_srDataRegister, _srDataBit, _srClockRegister, _srClockBit);
}
fio_shiftOut(_srDataRegister, _srDataBit, _srClockRegister, _srClockBit, val, MSBFIRST);
// LCD ENABLE PULSE
//
// While this library is written with a shift register without an output
// latch in mind, it can work in 3-wire mode with a shiftregister with a
// latch. The shiftregister latch pin (STR, RCL or similar) is then
// connected to the LCD enable pin. The LCD is (very likely) slower
// to read the Enable pulse, and then reads the new contents of the SR.
ATOMIC_BLOCK(ATOMIC_RESTORESTATE)
{
fio_digitalWrite_HIGH(_srEnableRegister, _srEnableBit);
waitUsec (1); // enable pulse must be >450ns
fio_digitalWrite_SWITCHTO(_srEnableRegister, _srEnableBit, LOW);
} // end critical section
}
// PUBLIC METHODS
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
/************ low level data pushing commands **********/
//
// send
void LiquidCrystal_SR::send(uint8_t value, uint8_t mode)
{
// Divide byte in two nibbles include the RS signal
// and format it for shiftregister output wiring to the LCD
// We are only interested in my COMMAND or DATA for myMode
uint8_t myMode = ( mode == DATA ) ? SR_RS_BIT : 0; // RS bit; LOW: command. HIGH: character.
if ( mode != FOUR_BITS )
{
shiftIt(myMode | SR_EN_BIT | ((value >> 1) & 0x78)); // upper nibble
}
shiftIt(myMode | SR_EN_BIT | ((value << 3) & 0x78)); // lower nibble
/*
* Add some delay since this code is so fast it needs some added delay
* even on AVRs because the shiftout is shorter than the LCD command execution time.
*/
#if (F_CPU <= 16000000)
if(_two_wire)
delayMicroseconds ( 10 );
else
delayMicroseconds ( 17 ); // 3 wire mode is faster so it must delay longer
#else
delayMicroseconds ( 37 ); // commands & data writes need > 37us to complete
#endif
}
//
// setBacklightPin
void LiquidCrystal_SR::setBacklightPin ( uint8_t pin, t_backlighPol pol )
{ }
//
// setBacklight
void LiquidCrystal_SR::setBacklight ( uint8_t mode )
{ }